Immunohistochemistry

Vimentin

Expressed in:
  1. All primitive cells and cells during regeneration
  2. Many different mesenchymal cell types:
    3. fibroblasts, endothelial cells
  3. Certain mesoderm derived cells:
    4. mesothelium, ovarian granulosa cells, kidney (Bowman capsule), endometrium, surface epithelium of the ovary, myoepithelial cells (breast, salivary, sweat glands), thyroid gland epithelium.
  4. lympho-haemopoietic system:
    5. lymphocytes, macrophages.
  5. Certain neural crest derived cells:
    6. melanocytes, glial cells.
Expression in tumors:
  1. Mesenchymal tumors (almost always positive):
      Sarcomas (fibrosarcoma, lamignt fibrous histiocytoma, angiosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma)
      Lymphomas
      Malignant melanoma
      Schwannoma
  2. Mesoderm derived carcinoma (usually positive):
      Renal cell carcinoma
      Adrenal cortical carcinoma
      Endometrial adenocarcinoma
      Ovarian adenocarcinoma

S100

Expressed in:
    Many cells of mesodermal, neuroectodermal and epithelial origin. Can be found in the cell membranes, cytoplasm and nuclei.
Tumor expression:
  1. 90% of cases in:
    2. Astocytoma, glioblastoma, oligodendroglioma, ependymoma, schwannoma, Langerhans cells histiocytosis, xanthogranuloma, chordoma, most benign and malignant lipomatous tumours.
  2. 50-90% of cases in:
    3. Primitive neuroectodermal tumours (neuroblastoma), malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour, clear cell sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, benign and malignant chondroid tumours, sweat gland carcinoma, serous and endometrioid cystadenoma and carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma, and acute monoblastic/monocytic leukaemia.
  3. 10-50% of cases in:
    4. Granulosa cell tumour, Sertoli-Leydig cell tumours, alveolar soft part sarcoma, synovial sarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, vascular tumours, gastrointestinal stromal tumour, meningioma, adenocarcinomas of breast and gastrointestinal tract, carcinoids and other neuroendocrine tumours, anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.
  4. Rarely/Never express S100:
    5. adenocarcinomas of the alimentary tract, lung, and prostate, transitional cell carcinoma, malignant mesothelioma, fibromatosis, fibrohistiocytic tumours, smooth muscle tumours, malignant lymphomas and germinal cell tumours.

CD45

Expressed in:
    exclusively on cells of hematopoietic lineage except for mature red blood cells.
Tumor expression:
  1. 90% of malignant lymphomas and nearly all mast cell neoplasms, true histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasm (except fibroblastic variants)
  2. Lower for precursor B-cell neoplasm (80% of B-ALL) and large cell anaplastic lymphomas
  3. 10% of plasmacytic neoplasms

Source and for more information: https://www.nordiqc.org/index.php